ADJUST_supplemental.txt                                     06/09/2025


                 ADJUST SUPPLEMENTARY DOCUMENTATION

                           Introduction

This document describes the current version of ADJUST and contains 
changes from the original NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-47, 
"ADJUST: The Horizontal Observation Adjustment Program" (Milbert and 
Kass, 1987; reprinted 1990 and 1993).  


----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Program Execution
----------------------------------------------------------------------

The following example will demonstrate a sample execution of 
program ADJUST.  All files can have any filenames. The example
assumes that the program is stored in a directory named ADJUST
on a PC. However, the program has both Unix and PC executables
and may be stored in any directory on any drive.

Enter "adjust" on the command line and respond to the queries for 
the filenames (filename length is limited to 80 characters):


C:\ADJUST>adjust
 WELCOME TO ADJUST VERSION 6.4.3     DATE(ccyy/mm/dd) 2020/05/14

 ENTER INPUT BLUE BOOK FILENAME (DEFAULT='BBOOK'):

bfile

 ENTER ADJUSTMENT FILE FILENAME (DEFAULT='AFILE'):

afile

 ENTER GPS FILE FILENAME (DEFAULT='GFILE'):

gfile

 ENTER THE DESIRED NAME FOR THE PRINTED OUTPUT :
 (Make sure it is not an existing filename.)
adjust.out

 ENTER THE DESIRED NAME FOR THE OUTPUT BLUE BOOK FILENAME :
 (Make sure it is not an existing filename.)
bfile.out


----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          ADJUST Changes
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2020/05/17
Updated for IGb14 as new G-file coordinate reference system code = 37 
(transformation parameters identical to IGS14 and ITRF2014).

Added error handling for undefined coordinate reference system code in 
G-file.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          GFILE Changes 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2025/06/09
Annex N lists 2 new codes:
41 -- WGS 84 (G2296). Used by NGA from 1/7/2024 through present. Aligned to
      ITRF2020 at all epochs using IGS20 orbits, clocks, and antenna
      calibrations.
42 -– IGb20. Used for IGS products from 2/2/2025 through present. Update of
      IGS20, aligned with ITRF2020-u2023 at epoch 2015.0 (ITRF2020-u2023 is
      treated as identical to ITRF2020 and is not used as a frame for orbits).


2022/11/16
Annex N lists 2 new codes:
39 -- ITRF2020. Defined by IERS at epoch 2015.0. Not used as a frame for
      orbits.
40 -- IGS20. Used for IGS products from 11/27/2022 through 2/1/2025. Aligned
      with ITRF2020 at epoch 2015.0.


2021/10/07
Annex N lists 1 new code:
38 -- WGS 84 (G2139). Used by NGA from 1/3/2021 through 1/6/2024. Aligned to
      ITRF2014 at epoch 2016.0 using a subset of IGb14 tracking stations.


2020/05/17
Annex N lists 1 new code:
37 -- IGb14. Used for IGS products from 5/17/2020 through 11/26/2022. Update 
      of IGS14, also aligned with ITRF2014 at epoch 2010.0.


2018/02/01
Annex N lists four new codes:
33 -- IGS14. Used for IGS products from 1/29/2017 through 5/16/2020. Aligned
      with ITRF2014 at epoch 2010.0.
34 -- NAD 83(2011) epoch 2010.00. Reserved for output of HTDP transformations
      to NAD 83 realizations referenced to the North America tectonic plate. Not
      used as a frame for orbits.
35 -- NAD 83(PA11) epoch 2010.00. Reserved for output of HTDP transformations
      to NAD 83 realizations referenced to the Pacific tectonic plate. Not used
      as a frame for orbits.
36 -- NAD 83(MA11) epoch 2010.00. Reserved for output of HTDP transformations
      to NAD 83 realizations referenced to the Mariana tectonic plate. Not used
      as a frame for orbits.


2016/06/06 
The I record - Name of Antenna Pattern File was expanded:  cc 2-21


Previous changes include

(1)  The B record or Group Header Record number of vectors field
     cc 26-27 only allows a maximum of 99 vectors per session.  For
     a number of vectors larger than 99, leave this field blank and  
     ADJUST will count the number of C or F vector records for the  
     session.  A maximum of 230 vectors per session is allowed.

(2)  The B record or Group Header Record has a project id in columns 
     91-104 (new for version 5.2).


----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          AFILE Changes 
----------------------------------------------------------------------

This section contains a summary of the adjustment option file
(AFILE) records.  Changes from the previous ADJUST options are
indicated.  In several cases, a certain type of option record
must precede another type of option record if they are both used
in a given AFILE.  If the option records are ordered alphabetically
then all ordering will be correct.  

2016/06/06 
The MM record was expanded to include the ability to write non-shifted
constraints to the output B-file

CODE   TYPE OF RECORD
-----------------------------------------------------------------
**    Comment Record
AA    Ellipsoid Parameter Record
BB    Bypass Record
CA    Constrained Azimuth Record
CC    Coordinate Constraint Record
CD    Constrained Distance Record
CH    Constrained Height Difference Record
CZ    Constrained Zenith Distance Record
DD    Dimensionality Record
EE    Default Mean Sea Level Elevation Record
GG    Default Geoid Height Record
HD    Default Height Adjustment Record
HC    Control Point Height Adjustment Record
II    Iteration Record
MM    Adjustment Mode Record
NL    Network and Local Accuracy Record
PP    Print Output Record
QQ    Accuracy Computation Record
RR    GPS and Doppler Rotation Parameter Record
SS    Auxiliary Parameter Indicator and Constraint Record
VS    Scales Standard Deviation of GPS Residuals Record
VV    Variance Factor Indicator and Constraint Record

** - Comment Record:  Comment records are ignored after they are
     read by the ADJUST adjustment program.  They ONLY make
     the option file easier to read.  They will be listed in the
     output with the other AFILE records.  ADJUST assumes any
     option file record that starts with two asterisks "**" or
     two blanks "  " is a comment.


************************************************************
Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  ** or blank
03-80  Anything.  Any option record with columns 1 and 2 containing
       two asterisks or two blanks is treated as a comment
       and ignored.  Totally empty lines are also ignored.


************************************************************
AA - Ellipsoid Parameter Record:  The Ellipsoid Parameter record
     specifies new value(s) for the semi-major axis of the ellipsoid 
     and/or for the square of the eccentricity of the ellipsoid.
     
Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  AA
03-12  Semimajor axis, unit of meters
       default 6378137. meters                        (real)
13-30  Square of Eccentricity,
       default 0.0066943800229034156                  (real)
31-80  Reserved


************************************************************
BB - Bypass Record:  The Bypass record directs the adjustment
     program to ignore certain types of observations.  Horizontal
     directions (*20* and *22* Blue Book records), horizontal
     angles (*30* and *32* records), zenith distances (*40* and
     *42* records), distances (both *52* and *54* records),
     astronomic azimuths (*60* records), GPS observations
     (GFILE), and Doppler observations (DFILE) may be bypassed.
     Blue Book observations which are to be ignored are printed
     (but not given observation numbers) in the BLUE BOOK section
     of the output.  If GPS observations are to be ignored, the
     GPS observation section of the output is not printed.  Similarly
     if Doppler observations are to be ignored, the Doppler
     observation section of the output is not printed.
     Bypass records for a particular observation type also cause
     other AFILE options to be ignored.  For example, if the
     AFILE has a SS record for observation type 52 (mark-to-mark
     distances) and a BB record with its sixth column non-blank,
     then this SS record is ignored.  For this reason, the BB
     record MUST precede any DD, RR, SS, TT, and VV records.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  BB
03-03  Non-blank to bypass horizontal directions.(character)
04-04  Non-blank to bypass horizontal angles.    (character)
05-05  Non-blank to bypass zenith distances.     (character)
06-06  Non-blank to bypass distances.            (character)
07-07  Non-blank to bypass astronomic azimuths.  (character)
08-08  Non-blank to bypass GPS observations.     (character)
09-09  Non-blank to bypass Doppler observations. (character)
10-80  Reserved


************************************************************
CA - Constrained Astronomic Azimuth Record:  A Constrained
     Azimuth record creates a constraint for the azimuth angle
     between two stations.  The CA records are ignored for one-
     dimensional adjustments.

     If CD parameters are being calculated, the constrained
     azimuths are applied at the reference time.  That is, CA
     records do not give azimuths that are invariant across time.
     To do that put the same pseudo azimuth observations at two
     different times in the Blue Book (*60* records).

     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  CA
03-06  Standpoint Station Serial Number            (integer)
07-10  Forepoint Station Serial Number             (integer)
11-13  Reserved
14-16  Degrees Azimuth                             (integer)
17-18  Minutes Azimuth                             (integer)
19-22  Seconds Azimuth, units of 0.01 arc seconds  (integer)
23-27  Azimuth Standard Deviation, units of 0.01 arc
       seconds, default of 0.01 arc seconds        (integer)
28-80  Reserved


************************************************************
CC - Constrained Coordinate Record:  A Constrained Coordinate
     record specifies that a station is a control point, that its
     coordinate(s) are constrained or "held fixed" during the
     adjustment.  Only those coordinates which have values given
     on a CC record are constrained - i.e. there is no default
     for a constrained coordinate value.
     Standard deviations for any or all of the constrained coor-
     dinates on the record can also be specified by the CC
     record.  The units for the standard deviations of the lati-
     tudes and longitudes as well as for heights are millimeters.
     The default is 0.1 millimeter for all coordinates.
     Latitudes and longitudes on CC records are not used for the
     constraints in one dimensional adjustments and elevations on
     CC records are not used for constraints in two dimensional
     adjustments.  The elevation constraint for a 2.5 dimensional
     adjustment should be on one of the 3 dimensional stations
     (i.e. a station with a GPS or a Doppler observation at it).  
     A blank elevation code indicates it is an orthometric
     height and a E code indicates it is a ellipsoidal height. 
    
     This record follows the format of the Blue Book *80* record
     and has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits rather
     than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  CC
03-10  Reserved
11-14  Station Serial Number                       (integer)
15-20  Latitude Standard Deviation, units of cm
                             default 0.01 cm       (real)
21-26  Longitude Standard Deviation, units of cm
                             default 0.01 cm       (real)
27-32  Height Standard Deviation, units of cm
                             default 0.01 cm       (real)
33-44  Reserved
45-46  Degrees Latitude                            (integer)
47-48  Minutes Latitude                            (integer)
49-55  Seconds Latitude, units of 0.00001 arc sec. (integer)
56-56  Latitude Code  N -- POSITIVE NORTH (default)
                      S -- positive South
57-59  Degrees Longitude                           (integer)
60-61  Minutes Longitude                           (integer)
62-68  Seconds Longitude, units of 0.00001 arc sec.(integer)
69-69  Longitude Code  E -- positive East
                       W -- POSITIVE WEST          (default)
70-76  Height, units of millimeters                (integer)
77-77  Height Code     E  ----  ellipsoidal height
                       blank -- orthometric height
78-80  Reserved


************************************************************
CD - Constrained Distance Record:  A Constrained Distance record
     creates a constraint for a mark-to-mark distance between two
     stations.  This record is used in 1, 2, 2.5, and 3 dimen-
     sional adjustments and thus, never ignored.
     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  CD
03-06  Standpoint Station Serial Number            (integer)
07-10  Forepoint Station Serial Number             (integer)
11-22  Mark-to-Mark Distance, units of 0.1 mm      (integer)
23-27  Distance Standard Deviation, units of 0.1 mm,
       default of 0.1 mm                           (integer)
28-80  Reserved


************************************************************
CH - Constrained Height Difference Record:  A Constrained Height
     Difference record creates a constraint for the difference
     between the heights of two stations.
     If the orthometric heights of both endpoints are adjusted,
     then the height difference given on this record is con-
     sidered to be orthometric.  If the geoid heights of both
     endpoints are adjusted, then the height difference given on
     this record is considered to be an undulation difference.
     Lastly, if the orthometric height of one endpoint is
     adjusted while the geoid height of the other endpoint is
     adjusted, then the height difference given on this record is
     considered to be an ellipsoidal height difference.  See the
     HC record for more information.
     CH records are ignored for two dimensional adjustments that
     are not 2.5 dimensional adjustments.  For 2.5 dimensional
     adjustments, the height difference will be constrained only
     if both stations are dual height stations.
     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  CH
03-06  Standpoint Station Serial Number            (integer)
07-10  Forepoint Station Serial Number             (integer)
11-22  Height Difference, units of 0.1 mm          (integer)
23-27  Height Standard Deviation, units of 0.1 mm,
       default of 0.1 mm                           (integer)
28-80  Reserved


************************************************************
CZ - Constrained Zenith Distance Record:  A Constrained Zenith
     Distance record creates a constraint for the difference
     between the zenith angles of the two stations.  CZ records
     are ignored for two dimensional adjustments that are not 2.5
     dimensional adjustments.  For 2.5 dimensional adjustments,
     the zenith distance will be constrained only if both stations
     are dual height stations.
     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  CZ
03-06  Standpoint Station Serial Number            (integer)
07-10  Forepoint Station Serial Number             (integer)
11-13  Reserved
14-16  Degrees Zenith                              (integer)
17-18  Minutes Zenith                              (integer)
19-22  Seconds Zenith, units of 0.01 arc seconds   (integer)
23-27  Zenith Standard Deviation, units of 0.01 arc
       seconds, default of 0.01 arc seconds        (integer)
28-80  Reserved


************************************************************
DD - Dimensionality Record:  The Dimensionality record controls
     the number of spatial dimensions in which the program
     adjusts.  ADJUST may adjust in 1, 2, 2.5, or 3 dimensions.
     If this record is not included in the AFILE, then the
     adjustment is three dimensional.  There is no default if
     this record is included.
     If the adjustment is two dimensional, then any zenith
     distances (*40* and *42* records) in the BBOOK file are
     ignored.  Similarly, if the adjustment is one dimensional,
     then horizontal directions (*20* and *22* records), horizon-
     tal angles (*30* and *32* records), and astronomic azimuths
     (*60* records) are ignored.

     In a two dimensional adjustment, a constraint with a stan-
     dard deviation of 0.001 meters is created for the elevation
     of each station.  Similarly, in a 2.5 dimensional adjust-
     ment, a constraint with a standard deviation of 0.001 meters
     is created for the elevation of each station that does not
     have a 3 dimensional observation (GPS or Doppler) at it.
     The values for the elevations are obtained from the Blue
     Book *86* record orthometric height.  In a one dimensional
     adjustment, constraints with standard deviations of 0.001
     meters are created for the latitude and longitude of each
     station.  The values for the latitudes and longitudes are
     obtained from the *80* record.  These constraints are
     created before any other constraints or observations.
     Latitude and longitude constraints on CC records are ignored
     in one dimensional adjustments.  Similarly, elevation con-
     straints on CC records are ignored in two dimensional
     adjustments.

     A one dimensional adjustment of the same data takes less
     time and less internal storage than a two dimensional 
     adjustment which takes less time and internal storage than a
     three dimensional adjustment.  Similarly, a 2.5 dimensional
     adjustment of the same data takes less time and internal
     storage than a 3 dimensional adjustment but more than a
     2 dimensional adjustment.  Thus, using a smaller dimension
     for the adjustment can help if space, and to a lesser extent
     time, are in short supply.
 
     This record has been changed to allow for a 2.5 dimensional
     adjustment.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  DD
03-03  Dimensions of adjustment, no default        (integer)
04-05  ".5" for a 2.5 dimensional adjustment - ignored if column 3
       is not a "2".
06-80  Reserved

EE - Default Mean Sea Level Elevation Record:  The Default Mean
     See Level Elevation record specifies a value for the default
     orthometric height of the adjustment.  The default
     orthometric height is the orthometric height for any station
     which does not have an elevation in columns 17-23 of its
     Blue Book *86* (station location) record.
     This record has not been modified.


************************************************************
Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  EE
03-09  Default Orthometric Elevation, units of mm.
       default 0.0                                 (integer)
10-80  Reserved


************************************************************
GG - Default Geoid Height Record:  The Default Geoid Height
     record specifies a value for the default geoid height in the
     adjustment.  The default geoid height is used for all stations 
     which do not have a Blue Book *86* record geoid height.
     
     This record has not been modified.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  GG
03-09  Default geoid height, units of mm.,
       default 0.                                  (integer)
10-80  Reserved


************************************************************
HC - Control  Point Height Adjustment Record:  A Control Point
     Height Adjustment record specified which height (the
     orthometric or the geoid) is to be adjusted for a control
     point (constrained location).  All control points which do
     not have a HC record have their height adjusted as specified
     by the HD record (if there is one).  If there is no HD
     record, then their orthometric height is adjusted.
     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  HC
03-03  Height Indicator  E -- ADJUST ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHTS
                                                   (default)
                         G -- ADJUST GEOID HEIGHTS
04-07  Station Serial Number                       (integer)
08-80  Reserved


************************************************************
HD - Default Height Adjustment Record:  A Default Height
     Adjustment record is used to select whether the orthometric
     or the geoid heights of the stations are adjusted. 
     Thus it determines if the CC record column 70-76 heights
     are constrained as orthometric or geoid heights.  If the HD  
     record is not present, the orthometric heights will be adjusted.
     
Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  HD
03-03  Height Indicator  E -- ADJUST ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHTS
                                                   (default)
                         G -- ADJUST GEOID HEIGHTS
08-80  Reserved


************************************************************
II - Iteration Record:  The Iteration record options control the
     conditions for ceasing to iterate the adjustment solution
     and what is printed after the iterations are completed.
     After the adjustment program stops iterating it either
     aborts or continues to create the final sections of the output
     If the adjustment program is converging slowly it stops
     iterating after it has iterated the maximum number of iterations
     specified by this record.  An option on this record may
     be used to control whether the program aborts immediately
     or continue through the final output sections.  Printing 
     a (possibly incorrect) output can be very useful for
     determining why the solution is converging slowly.

     The absolute value of the maximum allowable normalized residual
     may be changed with this record.  If the absolute values
     of any of the residuals are larger than the maximum
     allowable normalized residual, the program aborts.  The
     absolute value of the minimum normalized residual printed
     with an warning message may also be changed with this
     record.  If on this record the user specifies the value 9999
     for the maximum allowable residual, then it is changed to a
     MUCH larger number.  This action effectively eliminates the
     possibility of large residuals causing the program to abort.
     Similarly, if the user specifies the value 999 for the
     minimum absolute normalized residual to be printed with a
     warning message, then it is also changed to a MUCH larger
     number - which causes no warning messages for large residuals.
     
     The adjustment program normally does not abort if the variance
     of unit weight is increasing, that is, if the solution is 
     diverging.  This option may be changed with this record.
     With this option and the maximum iterations options adjust-
     ment results may still be printed before the program aborts.
     This can be very useful for determining why the solution is
     not converging properly.

     The parameter adjustment is converged if BOTH the RMS change
     in the station locations AND the minimum number of iterations
     has been reached.  If the parameter adjustment is converged
     and if variance factors are to be estimated, then the variance
     factor(s) are iterated (see the VV record).

     A option writes out the adjusted parameters to a new
     AFILE and a new Blue Book at the end of each iteration.  In
     the updated AFILE the RR (GPS and Doppler Rotation Parame-
     ter) record, the SS (Auxiliary Parameter Indicator and Con-
     straint) record, and the VV (Variance Factor Indicator and
     Constraint) record have their values updated.  On the II
     (Iteration) record the maximum number of iterations is
     decreased by the number of iterations already completed.
    
     In the updated Blue Book, the *80* records are updated.
     The latitude and longitude are updated in 2, 2.5 and 3
     dimensional adjustment.  The height is updated in a 1 or
     3 dimensional adjustment.  And, the ellipsoidal height is
     updated in a 2.5 dimensional adjustment.

     This record has been modified to allow updated files to be
     written at the end of each iteration.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  II
03-04  Maximum number of iterations, default 5     (integer)
05-08  Maximum allowable normalized residual,
            units of sigma, default 1200           (integer)
09-11  Minimum printed normalized residual,
            units of sigma, default 600            (integer)
12-17  RMS station coordinate convergence tolerance,
            units of millimeters, default 3        (integer)
18-18  Display results for slowly converging or
         for diverging solution
            N -- DO NOT DISPLAY                    (default)
            Y -- Display
19-19  Create adjusted option File (AFILE) and adjusted data
         (Blue Book) File at the end of each iteration
            N -- DO NOT CREATE ADJUSTED FILES      (default)
            Y -- Create adjusted data file
20-26  Adjusted Option File Name, default is "NEWAF"
27-80  Reserved


************************************************************
MM - Adjustment Mode Record:  The Adjustment Mode record
     controls the mode of adjustment, that is to not iterate (Mode 0)
     or what should be done after convergence (Modes 1-3).  This
     record also controls whether or not the standard deviations
     of the residuals, parameters, and station locations values
     should be scaled by the a-posteriori standard deviation of
     unit weight.  Regardless of the option indicated on this
     record, the standard deviations will not be scaled, if the
     a-posteriori standard deviation of unit weight is less than 0.01.
     The next option on this record controls whether or not a
     new Blue Book file should be created containing the adjusted
     positions.  If it is to be created, the file name is specified
     by the user prompt.  Note the file name is no longer obtained   
     from the MM record.  Note that the new option on the II record 
     that writes out updated AFILE and Blue Book files at the end of 
     each iteration will force a new Blue Book to be written.  That 
     option will use the new Blue Book file name given by the user 
     prompt.  This record is now used for three new options.  The 
     first is to determine if the adjustment will be aborted if the 
     solution becomes singular.  If the adjustment is not aborted, 
     the singular parameter(s) will be constrained to its initial
     value.  The last two options on this record control whether
     or not an adjusted position file should be created.  Note
     that the default for this option is not the same as it is in
     the BIGADJUST program.  This file will contain all the
     information on the adjusted positions of the stations that
     are given in the adjusted position section of the output,
     but the information is formatted with one line of informa-
     tion per station.  This file can be used as an input file
     for graphic plots and if this file is to be created, a name
     for the file can be specified.
     There is not room here to explain in detail what each
     adjustment mode does.  A complete explanation is in the
     documentation.  Briefly however;

     Mode 0 - This is a simulation mode.  There are no itera-
     tions.  This mode is normally used for network design with
     simulated data.
     Mode 1 - The standard deviations of the residuals are
     assumed to be the same as the standard deviations of the
     observations.  Also, the standard deviations of the parame-
     ters and station locations are not calculated.
     Mode 2 - Same as Mode 1 except standard deviations of param-
     eters and station locations are calculated.
     Mode 3 - Same as Mode 2 except standard deviations of resi-
     duals are calculated.

     This record has been modified to add parameters.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  MM
03-03  Mode indicator
            0 -- Simulation, bypass columns 04-12
                 of this record
            1 -- Compute quasi-normal residuals    (default)
            2 -- Compute quasi-normal residuals
                 and inverse
            3 -- Compute normal residuals and
                 inverse                          
04-04  Post-adjustment indicator
            N -- Do not scale standard deviations by
                 a-posteriori standard deviation
                 of unit weight                    (default)
            Y -- Scale standard deviations by
                 a-posteriori standard deviation 
05-05  Create Adjusted Data (Blue Book) File
            N -- Do not create adjusted data file  (default)
            Y -- Create adjusted data file 
06-06  Output control stations in b-file  (New in ADJUST v6.4.1)
            Y -- Write non-shifted constraints to output b-file
            N  - Write shifted constraints to output b-file (default)
07-12  Reserved   
13-13  Abort if solution is singular
            Y -- ABORT IF SINGULAR                 (default)
            N -- Do not abort if solution is singular
14-14  Create Adjusted Position File
            N -- DO NOT CREATE ADJUSTED DATA FILE  (default)
            Y -- Create adjusted data file
15-21  Adjusted Position File Name, default is "ADJPOS"
22-80  Reserved


************************************************************
NL - Network and Local Accuracy Record:  Computes and writes 
     network and local accuracies to the Blue Book and to the 
     ADJUST output file.  The network and local accuracies are 
     written to the *91* and *92* records, respectively, of the 
     output Blue Book file as standard deviations in latitude, 
     longitude, and ellipsoid height (in centimeters) along with 
     the horizontal correlation coefficient.  The network and 
     local accuracies are also written to the ADJUST output file
     as horizontal and ellipsoid height values (in centimeters) 
     at the 95% confidence level.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  NL
03-03  Scale accuracies by standard deviation of unit weight
            Y -- Scale accuracies
            N -- Do not scale accuracies


************************************************************
PP - Print Output Record:  The Print Output record contains the
     options for controlling what is listed in the output and with 
     what format.  A new fourth option has been added in 
     columns 06-08 and the fields for the remaining 
     options have been shifted to the right. 
     The first option controls whether all of the Blue Book
     records are listed on the output or whether only the (non-
     rejected) observations are listed.  Similarly, the second
     option controls whether all of the GFILE (GPS) records are
     listed on the output or whether only the (non-rejected)
     observations are listed.  Normally all records should be
     listed.  However, if one or the other of these files is very
     large and the output needs to be shortened, then these
     options could be used.
     The third option controls whether or not the constraints are
     listed in the output.  Again, this option should be used
     ONLY if there are a very large number of constraints.  If
     the constraints are not listed, then the only place that
     they appear in the output is in the residual section.
     Unless you know exactly what will be in the output, the
     GFILE, BBOOK, DFILE, and constraints should always be listed
     when some or all of the residuals are to be not listed.
     The fourth through the twelfth options control whether or
     not post-adjustment residuals of observations and con-
     straints are listed in the output.  The fourth option specifies 
     a residual output tolerance in units of  0.1 mm for GPS records.  
     Only vectors  in which at least one of the components residuals 
     exceeds the specified criteria are printed.
     The fifth option specifies a normalized residual (residual 
     divided by its standard deviation) output tolerance in units 
     of 0.1 sigma for non-GPS records.
     The sixth through the eleventh options control the printing of 
     each observation type and the twelfth controls the printing of
     the constraint residuals.  Note that in Mode=0 post-
     adjustment residuals are never printed because they can not
     be calculated (see the MM option record).  Normally, all
     post-adjustment residuals should be printed.  Using this
     option does save some output space as residuals considered
     too small do not generate output records.  However, the
     blank lines that would have been printed around the small
     residuals are still printed.  This will often result in out-
     put that only consists of blank lines.  It is also probably
     not a good idea to use these options along with any of the
     options that control the printing of Blue Book or G-file
     observations or of constraints as you may not have enough
     information to determine the cause of problems in the data. 
     The thirteenth option is used to determine whether or not there
     should be a section in the output that groups the residuals
     around the intersection stations.  The fourteenth option
     controls whether or not the shifts in the positions and  
     heights of the stations are to be printed.  These shifts
     are the difference between the final adjusted position and
     the position on the Blue Book *80* records and the differ-
     ence between the final adjusted height and the orthometric
     height on the Blue Book *86* records.  Not listing these
     shifts might be used when the station locations on the *80*
     records are poor.  This might occur, for instance, if the
     station locations are from the NAD27 coordinate system and
     the constraints are from the NAD83 coordinate system.
     The fifteenth option controls whether or not the Googe
     numbers are to be printed.  The Googe numbers are always
     between zero and one.  In the adjustment program they deter-
     mine at which parameters the solution breaks down.  A Googe
     number may be considered a measure of the independence of a
     parameter.  A Googe number of zero indicates that that
     parameter is completely dependent on the earlier parameters,
     while a Googe number of one indicates that that parameter is
     independent of the previous parameters.  More information on
     Googe numbers may be found in the ADJUST documentation.
     The sixteenth option controls whether or not the full obser-
     vational summary is printed.  This option may be used to
     shorten the output when a summary of what types of observa-
     tion were observed "from" or "to" each station is not of
     concern.  If the full observational summary is not
     requested, the new version of Adjust will still print an
     abbreviated version.  This version contains only stations
     that are constrained, undetermined, or no-check.
     The seventeenth option controls whether or not the adjusted
     positions are to be printed.  This option may be used to
     shorten the output when the adjusted positions of the 
     stations are not of concern.
     The eighteenth and nineteenth options control the printing
     of the Doppler data in a manner similar to the way the
     second and the eleventh options control the printing of the GPS
     data.  That is, the eighteenth option controls whether all
     of the DFILE (Doppler) records are listed on the output or
     whether only the (non-rejected) observations are listed.
     Normally all records should be listed.  The nineteenth
     option controls the printing of the Doppler residuals.
     Finally, the twentieth  option controls the printing of GPS
     residuals rotated from the XYZ coordinate system to the
     local horizon system (north, east, up).
     This record has been modified.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  PP
03-03  Echo Blue Book File
            0 -- ECHO ALL BLUE BOOK RECORDS        (default)
            1 -- Echo observations only
            2 -- Echo large misclosures only
04-04  Echo G-Format File
            0 -- ECHO ALL G-FORMAT RECORDS         (default)
            1 -- Echo observations only
            2 -- Echo large misclosures only
05-05  Display Constraints
            Y -- DISPLAY CONSTRAINTS               (default)
            N -- Do not display
06-08  Residual Output Tolerance, units of 0.1 mm (residual) for GPS 
                    
            0 -- DISPLAY ALL RESIDUALS             (default)
           10 -- Display residuals for vectors in which at least one
                 component's residual exceeds 1.0 mm 
          999 -- Display residuals for vectors in which at least one 
                 component's residual exceeds 99.9 mm
                    
09-11  Residual Output Tolerance, units of 0.1 sigma (normalized 
             residual) for non-GPS
            0 -- DISPLAY ALL RESIDUALS             (default)
           10 -- Display residuals greater than or equal to 1.0
                 sigma (non-GPS normalized residuals).
          999 -- Display no residuals (special 100,000,000) for
                 non-GPS observations.  
12-12  Display Direction Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY DIRECTION RESIDUALS       (default)
            N -- Do not display
13-13  Display Angle Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY ANGLE RESIDUALS           (default)
            N -- Do not display
14-14  Display Zenith Distance Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY ZENITH DISTANCE RESIDUALS (default)
            N -- Do not display
15-15  Display Distance Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY DISTANCE RESIDUALS        (default)
            N -- Do not display
16-16  Display Astro-Azimuth Residuals
    Y -- DISPLAY ASTRO-AZIMUTH RESIDUALS           (default)
            N -- Do not display
17-17  Display GPS Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY GPS RESIDUALS             (default)
            N -- Do not display
18-18  Display Constrained Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY CONSTRAINED RESIDUALS     (default)
            N -- Do not display
19-19  Display Residuals Grouped Around Intersection Sta.
            Y -- Display Residuals Grouped Around
                 intersection stations
            N -- DO NOT DISPLAY                    (default)
20-20  Display Position Shifts
            Y -- DISPLAY POSITION SHIFTS           (default)
            N -- Do not display
21-21  Display Position Googe Numbers
            Y -- DISPLAY GOOGE NUMBERS             (default)
            N -- Do not display Googe numbers
22-22  Display Observational Summary
            Y -- DISPLAY OBSERVATIONAL SUMMARY     (default)
            N -- Do not display Observational Summary
23-23  Display Adjusted Positions
            Y -- DISPLAY ADJUSTED POSITIONS        (default)
            N -- Do not display
24-24  Echo D-Format File
            0 -- ECHO ALL D-FORMAT RECORDS         (default)
            1 -- Echo observations only
            2 -- Echo large misclosures only
25-25  Display Doppler Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY DOPPLER RESIDUALS         (default)
            N -- Do not display
26-26  Display N-E-U-H GPS Residuals
            Y -- DISPLAY N-E-U-H GPS RESIDUALS     (default)
                 (cc 14 = Y for cc 23 = Y)
            N -- Do not display
27-80  Reserved


************************************************************
QQ - Accuracy Computation Record:  

(No longer used as of ADJUST v6.4)

An Accuracy Computation record
     directs that the adjusted value of the distance, azimuth,
     and vertical angle between two stations be calculated
     together with associated statistics indicating the accuracy
     of these adjusted quantities.  These records are ignored if
     the Mode (from the MM Adjustment Mode record) is 1.  The
     Station Serial Numbers of the two stations are required.  If
     one (or both) are blank or are otherwise incorrect, a warn-
     ing message is printed but the program does not abort.
    
     The position shift values are needed for the computations of
     the accuracies.  Thus, column 17 of the PP record (the
     Display Position Shifts option) must be left blank whether
     or not the adjusted positions are to be printed (column 20
     of the PP record).

     The distances, azimuths, and vertical angles and their pro-
     pagated standard deviations are printed in the output sec-
     tion entitled "LENGTH RELATIVE ACCURACIES".  The
     horizontal shift of the length and the accuracy fraction for the
     distance between the two stations are also listed. 
    
     Note that the columns for the Station Serial Numbers on the
     QQ record corresponds to the columns for Station Serial
     Numbers on the Blue Book Horizontal direction (*20* and
     *22*) records.
     This record has been changed to allow SSNs of four digits
     rather than three and to include the classical and GPS sur-
     vey order type.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  QQ
03-10  Reserved
11-14  Station Serial Number, required             (integer)
15-50  Reserved
51-54  Station Serial Number, required             (integer)
55-80  Reserved


************************************************************
RR - GPS and Doppler Rotation Parameter Record:  A GPS and
     Doppler Rotation Parameter record is used to obtain an esti-
     mate of the amount that the GPS or Doppler observations need
     to be rotated to best fit the classical horizontal data.
     This record should be used only if there is a very strong
     indication that the GPS or Doppler data is rotated.
     Each RR record creates a set of three auxiliary parameters
     for one observation type.  The observations are grouped, for
     a particular observation type, by a range of dates.  The
     defaults for the starting and ending dates are set to
     include all valid observation dates.  There may be no over-
     lapping dates on rotation parameters for the same observa-
     tion type.
     The rotation parameters are automatically initialized to
     zero and, unlike the auxiliary parameters, may not be con-
     strained.
     This record has been modified to allow for Doppler observa-
     tions.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  RR
03-04  Observation Type
           25 -- GPS (default)
           99 -- Doppler
05-08  Start year,  default 1801                   (integer)
09-10  Start month, default 01                     (integer)
11-12  Start day,   default 01                     (integer)
13-14  Start hour,  default 00                     (integer)
15-16  Start min.,  default 00                     (integer)
17-17  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
18-21  End   year,  default 2099                   (integer)
22-23  End   month, default 12                     (integer)
24-25  End   day,   default 31                     (integer)
26-27  End   hour,  default 23                     (integer)
28-29  End   min.,  default 59                     (integer)
30-30  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
41-80  Reserved


************************************************************
SS - Auxiliary Parameter Indicator and Constraint Record:  An
     Auxiliary Parameter Indicator and Constraint record creates
     an auxiliary parameter.  Auxiliary parameters are used to
     estimate (a) scale factors for GPS or Doppler data; (b)
     refraction parameters for zenith distances; or (c) scale
     factors for mark-to-mark distances.  In this section, these
     will all be referred to as scale corrections.

     Each SS record creates an auxiliary parameter for one obser-
     vation type.  The observations are grouped, for a particular
     observation type, by a range of dates.  There is no default
     for the observation type.  The defaults for the starting and
     ending dates are set to include all valid observation dates.
     There may be no overlapping dates on auxiliary parameters
     for the same observation type.

     The auxiliary parameters may be constrained or not con-
     strained to particular values.  The initial values for the
     scale corrections may be specified with this record.  If a
     standard deviation is included on this record, then the
     scale factor is constrained with that standard deviation.
     The auxiliary parameters estimate scale corrections for
     various types of observations from the observations within a
     given time period.  In general, they should be included in
     an adjustment only after blunders and other non-systematic
     errors have been removed from the data set.  However, if you
     suspect that the scale for a set of observations is large,
     the SS record may be included in the AFILE at any time.

     This record has been modified to allow for Doppler observa-
     tions.

Columns  Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  SS
03-04  Observation Type
           25 -- GPS (scale)
           40 -- Zenith distances (refraction)  (also *42*)
           52 -- Mark-to-mark distances (scale) (also *54*)
           99 -- Doppler (scale)
05-08  Start year,  default 1801                   (integer)
09-10  Start month, default 01                     (integer)
11-12  Start day,   default 01                     (integer)
13-14  Start hour,  default 00                     (integer)
15-16  Start min.,  default 00                     (integer)
17-17  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
18-21  End   year,  default 2099                   (integer)
22-23  End   month, default 12                     (integer)
24-25  End   day,   default 31                     (integer)
26-27  End   hour,  default 23                     (integer)
28-29  End   min.,  default 59                     (integer)
30-30  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
31-35  Scale Correction, units of .00000001 (.01 ppm),
       default 0                                   (integer)
36-40  Standard Deviation of Scale, units of .01 ppm,
       default 100                                 (integer)
41-80  Reserved


************************************************************
VS -   Scales the Standard Deviation of GPS Residuals Record
       The presence of an VS record in the A-File scales the 
       uncertainty of the horizontal and vertical components of 
       the GPS vectors before beginning the adjustment.   
       (new for version 4.32VF)
    
Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------ 
01 02  VS             
03-10  Factor by which to multiply horizontal components
              units of 0.000
11-18  Factor by which to multiply vertical components
              units of 0.000
19-31  Project Id


************************************************************
VV - Variance Factor Indicator and Constraint Record:  A Variance
     Factor Indicator and Constraint record creates and, option-
     ally, constrains a variance factor.  Variance factors esti-
     mate the variance component of a group of observations.  If
     any variance factors are initialized, then the Mode is set
     to 3 regardless of the Mode indicated on the MM record (see
     the MM record).  If all of the initialized variance factors
     are "fixed" then adjustment output appears as if no variance
     factors had been initialized (that is there are no variance
     factor iterations).
     The observations are grouped by observation types and dates.
     There is no default for the observation types.  There may be
     no overlapping dates on variance factors of the same obser-
     vation type.
     The variance factors may be either absolutely constrained
     ("fixed") or freely determined ("free").  A constrained
     variance factor can be considered a rescaling of the vari-
     ance of the observations.  The weight of an observation is
     1.0 divided by the variance (the standard deviation squared)
     of the observation.  A free variance factor is, in effect,
     calculating a scaling factor for the observation weights.
     The variance factors are used to estimate systematic errors
     or the proper a-priori variance for a group of observations.
     They should be used only after blunders and other non-
     systematic errors have been removed from the data set.  Also
     they should be used only if the degrees of freedom is large
     with respect to the total number of parameters and stations
     coordinates (several times larger at least).
     If there are free variance factors then there are additional
     iterations in order to calculate variance factor values.
     The program first iterates to convergence on the parameters.
     After the parameter adjustment has converged the variance
     factor adjustment commences.  The maximum number of itera-
     tions (see the II record) applies to the sum of the parame-
     ter adjustment iterations and the variance factor itera-
     tions.  The minimum number of iterations applies only to the
     parameter adjustment iterations.
     
     This record has been modified with an observation type HU to 
     Solve for variance factors for the horizontal and vertical 
     components of the GPS observations.  This is done by computing 
     the sum of squares of the residuals for the horizontal and 
     vertical observations separately, computing the redundancy 
     numbers of the horizontal and vertical components of the 
     observations, and estimating the standard deviation
     for each.  This process is applied iteratively until the 
     adjustment converges or the maximum number of iterations given 
     on the II record is reached.   (new for version 5.2)

     This record has also been modified to allow for Doppler observa-
     tions.

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  VV
03-04  Observation Type
           25 -- GPS
           20 -- Horizontal directions    (also *22*)
           30 -- Horizontal angles        (also *32*)
           40 -- Zenith distances         (also *42*)
           52 -- Mark-to-mark distances   (also *54*)
           60 -- Astronomic azimuths
           99 -- Doppler
           HU (- GPS horizontal and vertical components
                 (new for version 5.2)
05-08  Start year,  default 1801                   (integer)
09-10  Start month, default 01                     (integer)
11-12  Start day,   default 01                     (integer)
13-14  Start hour,  default 00                     (integer)
15-16  Start min.,  default 00                     (integer)
17-17  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
18-21  End   year,  default 2099                   (integer)
22-23  End   month, default 12                     (integer)
24-25  End   day,   default 31                     (integer)
26-27  End   hour,  default 23                     (integer)
28-29  End   min.,  default 59                     (integer)
30-30  Time Code, Start Time, default Z
31-35  Initial Variance Factor, units of 0.01,
            default 100                            (integer)
36-36  Absolute Constraint
            Y -- Impose Constraint
            N -- DO NOT CONSTRAIN                  (default)
37-80  Reserved


----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          DFILE (Doppler) Changes
----------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE:  As of version 6.2.3, ADJUST no longer prompts for Doppler
observations (DFILES), although the functionality remains in
ADJUST algorithms.

ADJUST now adjusts Doppler observations.  The Doppler observa-
tions are inputted from a new input file.  The name of this file
is requested after the name of the GFILE.  Its default name is
DFILE.  There is only one type of record in a DFILE file.  Its
format is:

Columns Descriptions and Defaults                      Type
------------------------------------------------------------
01-02  DP (anything other than a "DP" is a comment)
       default 6378137. meters                        (real)
03-03  Doppler data reference frame code.
                  1 -- NAD 83 datum observation    (integer)
                    -- Any other character will cause
                       ADJUST to abort (default)
04-04  Reserved
05-08  Station Serial Number                       (integer)
09-19  X observation, units of mm., no default     (integer)
20-30  Y observation, units of mm., no default     (integer)
31-41  Z observation, units of mm., no default     (integer)
42-46  X Standard Deviation, units of mm.,
                                    no default     (integer)
47-51  Y Standard Deviation, units of mm.,
                                    no default     (integer)
52-56  Z Standard Deviation, units of mm.,
                                    no default     (integer)
57-64  Correlation between North and East, units
               of 1 part per million, default of 0 (integer)
65-72  Correlation between North and Up, units
               of 1 part per million, default of 0 (integer)
72-80  Correlation between East and Up, units
               of 1 part per million, default of 0 (integer)
81-81  Rejection code - do not reject unless;
                   R -- Reject observation
                   O -- Office rejection
                   F -- Field rejection
82-85  Year,  no default                           (integer)
86-87  Month, default 07                           (integer)
88-89  Day,   default 01                           (integer)

If the Doppler observations are to be listed (see AFILE record
PP, above), they will be listed after the GPS observations.
Similarly, if the Doppler residuals are to be listed (see AFILE
record PP, above), then they will be listed after the GPS residu-
als.

If the adjustment is a 2.5 dimensional adjustment (see AFILE
record DD, above) then the Doppler observations will participate
in the elevation adjustment.
As with the other observation types, the Doppler observations may
be bypassed using the AFILE BB record.

The AFILE RR (Rotation Parameter), SS (Auxiliary Parameter), and
VV (Variance Factor) records have been modified to allow Doppler
observations to be chosen.  The observation type for Doppler
observations in those records is "99".  In the case of the RR
record where there had been no observation type parameter, the
default observation type is GPS.  The SS and VV records do not
have defaults.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Other Changes
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Changes made for ADJUST version 6.4.2 (2018/02/01):

(1)  Added IGS14 trasformation parameters.
     Includes use of the bluebook solution coordinate system code 33:
     IGS14 Aligned with ITRF2014 at epoch 2010.0

(2)  Provided an F-test spreadsheet to determine the statistical equivalence
     between the resulting free and constrained adjustments.

(3)  Start weighting the vertical constraints.

(4)  CORS-Look for CORS with formal accuracies but use the RMS value on the
     short term plots rather than the published sigmas.


Changes made for ADJUST version 6.4.1 (2016/06/06):

(1)  ADJUST-Allows non-shifted constrained coordinates to be written to the 
     final B-file output. 

(2)  GFILE-The I record - Name of Antenna Pattern File was expanded:  cc 2-21


Changes made for ADJUST version 6.4 (2015/05/26):

(1)  Corrected output of the up component of local accuracies and 
     slightly changed ADJUST output format.  All previous versions 
     wrote the up component network accuracy of the "to" station in 
     the local accuracy field, in both the ADJUST output report and 
     bfile.  Local accuracies are now printed to the ADJUST output 
     report with a line of dashes added between the last local 
     accuracy of a set and the median values for that set.

(2)  Added a table of differences between constrained and adjusted 
     coordinates to the ADJUST output giving shifts between 
     constrained coordinates and their adjusted values. The table is 
     located immediately below the adjusted coordinates list.   Note 
     that the table is only populated for stations that have ellipsoid 
     heights in the afile (if there are no ellipsoid heights, the text 
     "Vertical constraints is written in the shift fields).

(3)  Added the following note to the ADJUST output file to indicate 
     if the input gfile was transformed by the NGS Horizontal Time-
     Dependent Postionining (HTDP) software (located near the 
     beginning of the file in the block of text summarizing ADJUST 
     settings and outputs):

 ***************************************************************
 NOTE:THE INPUT GPS VECTORS FILE (GFILE) WAS TRANSFORMED BY HTDP
 ***************************************************************

(4)  The B record or Group Header Record number of vectors field
     cc 26-27 only allows a maximum of 99 vectors per session.  For
     a number of vectors larger than 99, leave this field blank and  
     ADJUST will count the number of C or F vector records for the  
     session.  A maximum of 230 vectors per session is allowed.

Previous changes made for ADJUST version 6.2.3 (2012/12/10):

(1)  ADJUST computes and writes network and local accuracies to the 
     Blue Book and to the ADJUST output file.  This is done using 
     the NL code in the AFILE, as described under AFILE changes 
     below.  The network and local accuracies are written to the 
     *91* and *92* records, respectively, of the output Blue Book file 
     as standard deviations in latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid 
     height (in centimeters) along with the horizontal correlation 
     coefficient (these formats are described in Chapter 2 of the 
     NGS Blue Book at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/FGCS/BlueBook/).  The 
     network and local accuracies are also written to the ADJUST 
     output file as horizontal and ellipsoid height values (in 
     centimeters) at the 95% confidence level.

(2)  ADJUST writes the variance factor to the output Blue Book file in 
     the *93* record as horizontal and vertical scale factors (this 
     format is described in Chapter 2 of the NGS Blue Book at 
     http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/FGCS/BlueBook/).  The variance factors are 
     determined using the HU option of the Variance Factor Indicator 
     and Constraint (VV) record in the AFILE, as described under AFILE 
     changes below.

(3)  Changed format of the input constrained coordinate standard 
     deviation to centimeters.  These values are part of the Coordinate 
     Constraint (CC) record, as described under AFILE changes below.  
     The values are in the same columns as previous version of adjust, 
     but are instead entered as centimeters using the "real" numeric 
     data type.

(4)  ADJUST no longer prompts for Doppler observation files (DFILES), 
     although the functionality remains in the ADJUST algorithms.
     
(5)  ADJUST no longer writes orthometric heights to *80* record of the 
     output Blue Book file.  That is, columns 70-76 are now blank on
     this record, which is consistent with the current version of the
     NGS Blue Book.

Previous changes made for ADJUST version 5.2 (2008/01/11):

(1)  The main change is that the Station Serial Number (SSN) is
     four digits rather than three.  The fourth digit replaced 
     the SSN suffix.  In the previous version of ADJUST, if one
     of the SSNs on an observation record had a suffix, then that
     observation was ignored.  This provision has, obviously,
     been removed.  Classical observations are now rejected only 
     if column 6 contains a "R" or a "F" or a "O" (instead of the 
     sequence number or a blank).  The sizes of the arrays that 
     deal with SSNs have been increased.  There may now be up to 
     9999 stations in a job.

(2)  Because of the above change the number of allowed intersection
     stations in a job has been increased to 3500 from 700.

(3)  Also because of change number (1), the maximum number of
     allowable horizontal direction sets per job has been
     increased to 8000 from 3000.

(4)  The *22* and *32* record now have the time of observation
     and time zone in columns 46-50.  Only the date (year, month,
     and day) from columns 40-45 are saved from the previous
     *20* and *30* records, respectively.

(5)  The *84* record containing the geoid height has been removed 
     from the Blue Book.  In addition. the *80* record orthometric 
     height in columns 70-75 is no longer used.  The new *86*
     record has been incorporated into ADJUST and the values for
     the orthometric, geoid and ellipsoid heights are obtained from
     this record.  
        
(6)  The *60* record has a new parameter in column 20 that deter-
     mines whether the azimuth observation is Astronomic or
     Laplace.  An "A" indicates Astronomic while an "L" indicates
     Laplace.  Since the previous version of ADJUST assumed that
     any astronomic observation was Laplace, the new version of
     ADJUST assumes that a blank indicates a Laplace azimuth.

(7)  The new Blue Book version has new *45* and *47* leveling
     observation records.  These observation types have NOT been
     incorporated in ADJUST.  They probably will be if enough
     users request it.

(8)  The B record or Group Header Record has a project id in columns 
     91-104.

This version of ADJUST has been given a new version number and
date.  The new version is 5.2, and the new date is November 30, 2007.

There are three new files associated with ADJUST.  The first is
the new output file discussed with the AFILE MM records.  The
second is the input file for Doppler observations.  It is
discussed above under DFILE.  The third is the updated AFILE.
It is discussed with the AFILE II record.

ADJUST can create an adjusted position output file.  This file
contains all the information on the adjusted positions of the
stations that is given in the adjusted position section of the
output, but the information is formatted with one line of
information per station.  This file can be used as an input file
for graphic plots of the data and other post processing programs.
The AFILE MM (Adjustment Mode) record is used to request this
output file and give it a name.  The default name is "ADJPOS".

The output of the new ADJUST is almost identical to the output of
the old version.  One major difference is that all lines in the
new ADJUST output that contain station serial numbers have room
for 4 digit numbers and all lines that contain an observation
number have room for 6 digit numbers.

Another difference is that if no printing of the observational
summary is requested in the AFILE PP (Print Output) record, the
new version of ADJUST will still print an abbreviated version.
This version contains only stations that are constrained,
undetermined, or no check.

Also, in the summary file, the component number is printed for
each station.  This component number is the component number of
the latitude parameter for 2 and 3 dimensional adjustments and of
the height parameter for 1 dimensional adjustments.  A component
number of 0 indicates a trivial component, that is, a parameter
not connected by an observation to any other component.  In
general, component number 1 will be the largest, component number
2 the second largest, etc..  But this won't always be true.
There have been cases where components numbers 1 and 2 were
trivial components - so only component number 3 was non-trivial!

Optionally, ADJUST will now print the GPS residuals rotated to
the local horizon coordinate system (NEU for north, east, up).
The default is to automatically print these, but this can be
changed with the AFILE PP record.  The rotated values for
observed and adjusted observations, the rotated values for the
residuals, and the rotated values of the standard deviation of
the residuals are printed.  The standard deviation printed is the
standard deviation appropriate to the mode of the adjustment (see
AFILE MM record).  A horizontal DN/DE combined component
called DL has been added and listed before the DU component.
The ssn now prints in the residual section for each vector in
addition to the station designation.  A session identifier has 
been added at the end of the DZ record.  This identifier is from 
the C record cc 60-64 or the F record cc 66-70 and is 'DDDYS' 
where DDD is day of year, Y is the last digit of the year and S is
a session designator.  'SESSION ID' has been added to the header
column.  Also, the PP record tolerance may be used to print only
vectors in which at least one of the components residuals exceeds
this criteria.  Note, this value is the residual for GPS observations
and normalized residual for non-GPS records.

Also, in the residual summary section of the output there will be
an additional summary section for the NEU residuals.  This
section has the RMS and the mean of the absolute values of
the NEU residuals.  Only residuals for those observations that
contributed to the solution will be included in this summary  
no-check observations and the down weighted observations will
not be included.  For this reason, the value under N in this section
is not necessarily the same as that for the GPS residuals in the
 residual summary section.

New statistics in this section include the 20 observation numbers
of the largest residuals, the 20 observation numbers of the largest 
GPS DU component residuals, the 20 observation numbers of the 
largest GPS DL component residuals and the maximum and 
minimum residual for each vector component. 

In the Adjusted Positions Section, the header 'M.S.L.' has been 
changed to 'Ortho. Ht.'  Also the horizontal shift has been
expanded to three decimal places.

Optionally, ADJUST will no longer abort if the solution is
singular (see AFILE record MM (Adjustment Mode).  If the adjust-
ment is not aborted, the singular parameter will be constrained
to its initial value.  If the full observational summary section
was not printed, observation information will be printed for each
singular parameter for the station to which the parameter refers.
The information will be listed the same as in the observational
summary section.

For 2.5 dimensional adjustments, ADJUST will now adjust zenith
distance observations, zenith distance constraints, and height
difference constraints if both of the stations are dual height
stations.  Previously these observations and constraints were
ignored for all 2 dimensional adjustments.  This also allows
vertical angle auxiliary parameters to be used.  But care should
be taken so that these parameters will have corresponding zenith
distance observations.  If there are no zenith distance observa-
tions for a vertical angle auxiliary parameter, then the parame-
ter will be singular.

The AFILE now accepts comment records where comment records
are defined as two blanks or two asterisks in columns one and two.
Thus, totally blank lines are ignored.




                              Notes

NOTE: The MM record contains the output name for the Adjusted
Position file and the II record contains the output name for the new
AFILE.  These names are a maximum of seven characters.  If more
characters are needed, they may be renamed on exiting ADJUST.  

The output name for the new Blue Book file is now obtained
from the user prompt and is no longer obtained from the MM
record.  The MM record column 5 must contain a 'Y' for a new
Blue Book file to be created however.  If a new Blue Book file
should not be created, the MM record column 5 should be 'N'
which is the default value and press enter or use any name for
the user prompt as the file will not be created.


The BBOOK file *12* record 4-digit year field observations
began cc 11-14 and 4-digit year field observations end in cc 17-20
are used to determine 4-digit years for classical observation
records in which only 2-digit years are recorded.  Invalid *12*  
record 4-digit years will terminate execution of ADJUST.              


----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
                      System Dependent Code
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ADJUST now obtains the date and time from the operating system.
This is done in a new subroutine SYSTIM.
The call to this routine is:

      CALL SYSTIM (ITYPE, TBUF, DIFM, DIFM0)

where ITYPE is integer, TBUF is a 26 character string, and DIFM
and DIFM0 are double precision.
If ITYPE=0, then system time is returned in the TBUF character
string and the saved times are updated.
If ITYPE=1, the time difference in minutes from the the last
ITYPE=0 call is returned in TDIF0 and the time difference in minutes
from the last call to GETTIM is returned in TDIF.

This subroutine is called from the following subroutines;

ADJUST (main), ADJST, SECOND, ABORT2, and FINAL.

The other system dependent feature that has been added is a call to
flush the output buffer in subroutine NORMAL.
This is done by a call to the routine MYFLSH.

The unit number of the output buffer is passed as a parameter.

To adapt these routines to another system, it is necessary to be
able to get the date and time from the operating system for the
SYSTIM subroutine, and the flushing mechanism for the MYFLSH
subroutine.

This is non-standard FORTRAN and is done differently, when it is
done at all, on each type of machine.

Alternatively, these subroutines can be altered to do nothing.

For the unix operating system, file makefile 
finds subroutine SYSTIM in file sysdep_ux.for (using f90 compiler).
For the Windows (Win32) operating system, file makefile_g77.w32
finds subroutine SYSTIM in file sysdep_g77.for (using g77 compiler).

ADJUST_supplemental.txt - end
----------------------------------------------------------------------

