Historical and Current NGS Disciplines
NGS was formed from the Geodesy Division of the USC&GS and continued the same work with the same equiptment and methedologies. However, change was coming. In 1983, NGS began using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) to conduct surveys and almost immediately the methods and equiptment used to conduct horizontal surveys changed completely and forever. GPS surveys are faster, cheaper, and more accurate.
NGS History Powerpoint An overview of the last 200 years of the history of NGS and its predecessor agencies including how it started, technological advancements, the spread of work that was done by the Survey, and a basic explination as to how the different pieces fit together.
Gravity Network History
The Downs and Ups of Gravity Surveys
Gravity for the Re-definition of the American Vertical Datum (GRAV-D)
Astronomic Survey History
Articles and References of Astronomy
Satellite Surveying History
Entering the Space Age: The Evolution of Satellite Geodesy at the Coast and Geodetic Survey
Airport Surveying History
What is the Aeronautical Survey Program? The Survey began producing aeronautical charts in 1926 after starting using aerial photography for shoreline mapping in 1919. Shortly after World War II, the Survey began surveying airports and producing approach "Obstruction Charts" for hundreds of airports across the country.
Interaction with Hydrographic and Tide and Water Level Surveys
Steps to Making a Nautical Chart This powerpoint explains the historical surveying methods used to produce a nautical chart. nautical charts
