Publications: Vertical Datums, Leveling and Geoids

Vertical Datums, Leveling and Geoids

Title Author(s) Date Link
An Accuracy Assessment of the Geoid96 Geoid Height Model for the State of Ohio Milbert, D.G. HTML
Affirmation of Vertical Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities (NAVD88) Wilson, D.S Jun 24, 1993 PDF
Affirmation of Vertical Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities for Guam Zilkoski, D.B Jan 22, 2009 PDF
Affirmation of Vertical Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities for the island of Tutuila, American Samoa Zilkoski, D.B Jan 22, 2009 PDF
Affirmation of Vertical Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities for the islands of Rota, Saipan and Tinian of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Zilkoski, D.B Jan 22, 2009 PDF
Baltimore County, Maryland, NAVD 88 GPS-derived Orthometric Height Project Henning, W.E., Carlson, E.E. & Zilkoksi, D.B. PDF
The CARIB97 High Resolution Geoid Height Model for the Caribbean Sea Smith, D.A. & Small, H.J. 1999 PDF
Computing GPS-derived Orthometric Heights with the GEOID90 Geoid Height Model Milbert, D.G. HTML
Converting GPS Height into NAVD 88 Elevation with the GEOID96 Geoid Height Model Milbert, D.G. & Smith, D.A. HTML
Corrections Applied by the National Geodetic Survey to Precise Leveling Observations - NOAA TM NOS NGS-34 Balazs, E.I. & Young, G.M. Jun 1982 PDF or HTML
Development of Comprehensive Geodetic Vertical Datums for the US Pac Territories (AS, GU, NM) Carlson, E., Doyle, D., Smith, D. 2009 PDF
The EGM96 Geoid: Subtle Points on the Use of a Global Geopotential Model Smith, D.A. 1998 HTML
Establishing Vertical Control Using GPS Satellite Surveys Zilkoski, D.B. Jun 1990 PDF
Establishment of International Great Lakes Datum of 1955     PDF
Establishment of the International Great Lakes Datum of 1985   Dec 1995 PDF
Evaluation of the EGM96 Model of the Geopotential in the United States Smith, D.A. & Milbert, D.G. HTML
Evaluation of Preliminary Models of the Geopotential in the United States Smith, D.A. & Milbert, D.G. 1996 HTML
Federal Register Notices National Geodetic Survey HTML
FGCS Specifications and Procedures to Incorporate Electronic Digital/Bar-Code Leveling Systems National Geodetic Survey Jun 1995 PDF
Fourth General Adjustment (of 1912) of the Precise Level Net in the United States and the Resulting Standard Elevations, Special Publication No. 18 U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 1914 PDF
The GEOID96 High Resolution Geoid Height Model for the United States Smith, D.S. & Milbert, D.G. 1999 HTML
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-Derived Ellipsoid Heights - NOAA TM NOS NGS-58 Zilkoski, D.B., D'Onofrio, J.D., Frakes, S.J. Nov 1997 PDF or HTML
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-derived Orthometric Heights (Standards: 2 cm and 5 cm) NOAA TM NOS NGS-59 Zilkoski, D.B., Carlson, E.E., & Smith, C.L. Mar 26, 2008 PDF
Guidelines for New and Existing Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) National Geodetic Survey Feb 26,2006 PDF
Height Modernization Study - Report to Congress - June 1998 Baker, D.J., et al. Jun 1998 PDF
History of Geodetic Leveling in the United States Berry, R.M. Jun 1976 PDF
Improving Geoid Undulations and Ocean Dynamic Topography Through Altimetry and a Modified Kalman Filter Smith, D.A. PDF
International Geoid Commission National Report for the United States of America Milbert, D.G. Jun 14, 1995 HTML
Input Formats and Specifications of the National Geodetic Survey Data Base - "NGS Blue Book" National Geodetic Survey Web
National Vertical Control Net (NGVD29) White, R.M. May 7, 1973 PDF
The New Adjustment of the North American Vertical Datum - A Collection of Papers National Geodetic Survey 1990 PDF
Notice to Adopt a Standard Model for Mathematical Vertical Datum Transformations Scheffler, E.R. Jul 11, 2007 PDF
Orthometric Height Determination Using GPS Observations and the Integrated Geodesy Adjustment Model - NOAA TR NOS 110 NGS 32 Hein, G.W. Apr 1985 PDF
Post 2002 Hurricane Season Discussion by Retired Director Charlie Challstrom Challstrom, C.W. PPT
Rates of Vertical Displacement at Benchmarks in the Lower Mississippi Valley and the Northern Gulf Coast - NOAA TR NOS NGS 50 Shinkle, K.D. & Dokka, R.K. Jul 2004 PDF
Recent Elevation Change in Southern California - NOAA TM NOS NGS 7 Holdahl, S.R. Feb 1977 PDF
Recent Investigations Toward Achieving a One Centimeter Geoid Roman, D.R. & Smith, D.A. HTML
Regional Investigations of Vertical Crustal Movements in the U.S. Holdahl, S.R. & Morrison, N.L. Nov 1973 PDF
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey Showing the Work From July 1, 1898, to June 30, 1899 [First General Adjustment of 1899-Appendix 8] Pritchett, H.S. 1900 PDF
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey Showing the Work From July 1, 1902, to June 30, 1903 [Second General Adjustment of 1903-Appendix 3] Tittmann, O.H. 1903 PDF
Report to IAG SSG 3.136: High Resolution Geoid Modeling and Evaluation Milbert, D.G. Jan 30,1995 PDF
Results of the General Adjustment of the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Zilkoski, D.B., Richards, J.H. & Young, G.M. 1992 HTML
Standards and Specifications for Geodetic Control Networks FGCC Sep 1984 HTML
Third General Adjustment of 1907: Precise Leveling in the United States, 1903-1907, With a Readjustment of the Level Net and Resulting Elevations Hayford, J. F., Pike, L. 1909 PDF
Other articles on the geoid...
Other articles on GPS-derived heights...