1Estimation of bench mark heights by incorporating the original leveling data into NAVD 88 using
least squares adjustment
techniques
1
2A rigorous transformation of bench mark
heights for a particular project using datum conversion correctors estimated from the
project’s original adjustment constraints and their differences between
NAVD 88 and NGVD 29
2
3A simplified transformation of bench mark heights using an average bias shift for the area
(VERTCON)