2003 GPS/GNSS Bibliography
This bibliography is a compilation of peer-reviewed articles published in 2003 describing original research with citations that may be of interest to other investigators working in any of the GPS/GNSS fields. Titles of new books and conference proceedings that include a significant number of chapters and/or articles dealing with GPS/GNSS are also listed in italics in this bibliography. Articles, primarily appearing in trade journals, containing interspersed advertisements are only identified by their first page number followed by the symbol +. Contributions with more than five authors will be referenced under the first author name and the extension et al.
Tomás Soler, Ph.D.
Editor, GPS/GNSS Current Bibliography
GPS Solutions
Abdel-Hafez MF, Lee YJ, Williamson WR, Wolfe JD, Speyer JL (2003) A high-integrity and efficient GPS
integer ambiguity resolution method. Navigation 50(4): 295-310
Abwerzger G (see Valant J)
Acevedo-Contla
P, Stojmenovic M (2003) Estimating
hop counts in position based routing schemes for ad hoc networks. Telecomm. Syst. 22(1-4): 109-118
Adachi T (see Fukuba
H)
Adami D,
Garroppo RG, Giordano S, Lucetti S
(2003) On synchronization techniques: Performance and
impact on time metrics monitoring. Int.
J. Comm. Syst. 16(4): 273-290
Adrados C,
Verheyden-Tixier H, Cargnelutti B, Pepin D, Janeau G (2003) GPS approach to study fine-scale site use by
wild
Afraimovich EL, Karachenschev VA (2003) Testing of the transionospheric
radiochannel using data from the global GPS network. Ann. Geofis. 46(6): 1229-1246
Afraimovich
EL, Lesyuta OS (2003) Simultaneous
response of the mid-latitudes ionosphere to a sudden commencement of strong
magnetic storms. Cosmic Res. 41(2): 110-118
Afraimovich
EL, Demyanov VV,
Afraimovich
EL, Perevalova NP, Voyeikov SV (2003)
Traveling wave packets of total electron content disturbances as deduced from
global GPS network data. J. Atmospheric
Solar-Terrestrial Phys. 65(11-13): 1245-1262
Agnew D (see
González-García JJ)
Akella MR et
al. (2003) Evaluating the reliability
of automated collision notification systems. Accident Analysis and Prevention 35(3): 349-360
Akopian D (see Sairo
H)
Akos DM (2003) The role of Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) software radios in embedded systems. GPS Solutions 7(1): 1-4
Akrour B,
Santerre P, Geiger A (2003)
Comparaison de methods de calibrage di centre de phase d'antennes GPS. Geomatica 57(4): 411-417
Aloi DN,
Dessert PE, Fay L, Ronning M, Willer M (2003) GPS car talk: Listening to Bluetooth. GPS World 14(9): 36+
Aloisi M,
Bonaccorso A, Gambino S, Mattia M, Puglisi G (2003) Etna 2002 eruption imaged from continuous tilt and GPS data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(23): SDE8/1-5
Alves SMC,
Santos MC, Gemael C (2003) A velocity field estimation of the Brazilian portion of the
SOAM plate. GPS Solutions 7(3):
186-193
Amendola G (see Boccia
L)
Anderson G,
Agnew DC, Johnson HO (2003) Salton
trough regional deformation estimated from combined trilateration and
survey-mode GPS data. Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer. 93(6): 2402-2414
Andrews AP (see Grewal
MS)
Anon. (2003) GPS equipment and post-processing software
survey. POB 28(12): 34-43
Anzidei
M et al. (2003) Data analysis of the
first epoch GPS Algerian regional network. Boll. Geod. Sci. Affini
62(3): 179-192
Aoki Y,
Scholz CH (2003) Vertical deformation
of the Japanese islands, 1996-1999. J.
Geophys. Res. 108(B5): ETG10/1-12
Aporta C (2003) New ways of mapping:
Using GPS mapping software to plot place names and trails in Igloolik (
Argus DF (see Wu X)
Arikan F,
Erol CB, Arikan O (2003) Regularized
estimation of vertical total electron content from Global Positioning System
data. J. Geophys. Res. 108(A12):
SIA20/1-12
Arikan O (see Arikan
F)
Arnadottir T (see
Pederson R)
Arora K (see Samuel
I)
Artin S (see
Caporali A)
Artru J (see Ducic
V)
Austen G (see
Reubelt T)
Avagnina D,
Dovis F, Gramazio A, Mulassano P
(2003) Definition of a reconfigurable and modular multi-standard navigation
receiver. GPS Solutions 7(1): 33-40
Awange JL,
Grafarend EW, Fukuda Y, Takemoto S
(2003) Direct polynomial approach to nonlinear distance (ranging) problems. Earth, Planets and Space 55(5): 231-241
Axelrad P (see
Madhani PH)
Ayers PD (see Haugen
LB)
Azuta Y (see Ranjitkar P)
Bachir A (see
Benslimane A)
Badawy A, Issawy E-S, Hassan G, Tealeb A (2003) Kinematics engine of the ongoing
deformation field around Cairo, Egypt. Acta Geophys. Polonica 51(4): 447-458, 48-49
Bae TS (see Kwon
JH)
Bai Z, Feng Y (2003) GPS water vapor estimation using interpolated surface meteorological data from
Australian automatic weather stations. J. GPS 2(2): 83-89
Bai Z (see Feng
Y)
Bainbridge
G, Inan
Balachandran
W (see Jirawimut R)
Baldi M,
Ofek Y (2003) Global time for
interactive applications over global packet networks. Lect. Notes. Comput. Sci. 2811: 52-62
Balestri L,
Boccorali M, Fazlagic S, Pugnaghi S, Santangelo R (2003) Detection of meteorological inconsistencies by
GPS. Ann. Geophys. 46(2): 197-203
Balodimos
DD, Korakitis R, Lambrou E, Pantazis G
(2003) Fast and accurate determination of astronomical and azimuth using a
total station and GPS receiver. Survey
Review 37(290): 269-275
Baracco JM (see de
Maagt P)
Baran LW,
Ephishov II, Shagimuratov II, Ivanov VP, Lagovsky AF (2003) The response of the ionospheric total electron
content to the solar eclipse on August 11, 1999. Adv. Space Res. 31(4): 989-994
Baran V (see
Korenkov YN)
Barka A (see Flerit
F)
Barnes J et al. (2003) High precision indoor and outdoor positioning using LocataNet. J. GPS 2(2): 73-82
Bartel BA,
Hamburger MW, Meertens CM, Lowry AR, Corpuz E (2003) Dynamics of active magnetic and hydrothermal systems at Taal
Volcano, Philippines, from continuous GPS measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 108(B10): ECV4/1-15
Basbas S (see
Mintsis G)
Batalama SN (see Xiong
P)
Batet-López A, Gracia-Gómez C, González-López S (2003) Método de
posicionamiento cinemático en tiempo real (RTK): Fiabilidad y aplicaciones. Topogr. Cartogr. 20(117): 30-32,
34-38
Battaglia M,
Segall P, Murray J, Cervell P, Langbein J (2003) The mechanics of unrest at
Beavan J (see
Mieller V; Nicol A)
Belehaki A,
Jakowski N, Reinisch BW (2003)
Comparison of ionospheric ionization measurements over
Bengtsson L
et al. (2003) The
use of GPS measurements for water vapor determination. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 84(9): 1249+
Bengtsson L (see
Hagemann S)
Bennett RA, Wernicke BP, Niemi NA, Friedrich AM, Davis JL (2003) Contemporary strain rates in the
northern Basin and Range province from GPS data. Tectonics 22(2): 3/1-31
Ben Sari D (see
McClusky S)
Benslimane
A, Bachir A (2003) Inter-vehicle
geocast protocol supporting non-equipped GPS vehicles. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 2865: 281-286
Benzon HH (see
Berducat M (see Cariou
C)
Berthling I,
Etzehmuller B, Eiken T, Sollid JL (2003) The rock glaciers on Prins Karls Forland:
Corrections to surface displacements rates. Permafrost
and Periglacial Processes 14(3): 291-293
Bessarab FS (see
Korenkov YN)
Beutler G,
Schildknecht T, Hugentobler U, Gurtner W
(2003) Orbit determination in satellite geodesy. Adv. Space Res. 31(8): 1853-1868
Beutler G (see
Hugentobler U; Hugentobler U; Ineichen D)
Beyerle G,
Gorbunov ME, Ao CO (2003) Simulation
studies of GPS radio occultation measurements. Radio Sci. 38(5): 5/1-16
Beyerle G (see
Bevis M (see Foster
J)
Bishop RH (see
Ebinuma T)
Blanchard WF (2003) Achieving GPS-Galileo interoperability: The
challenges ahead. Space Policy 19(2):
95-99
Boccia L,
Amendola G, Di Massa G (2003) Design
a high-precision antenna for GPS. Microwaves
& RF 42(1): 91-93
Boccorali M (see
Balestri L)
Bock Y et
al. (2003) Crustal motion in
Bock Y (see
González-García JJ)
Bodin P (see Larson
KM)
Bokoye
AI et al. (2003) Multisensor analysis
of integrated atmospheric water vapor over
Bonaccorso A (see Aloisi M)
Bond J (see Kim D)
Bonnefond P
et al. (2003) Leveling the sea
surface using a GPS-catamaran. Mar. Geod.
26(3-4): 319-334
Bonnifait P,
Bouron P, Meizel D, Crubille P (2003)
Dynamic location of car-like vehicles using data fusion of redundant ABS
sensors. J. Navig. 56(3): 429-441
Boomkamp H (see Romero
I)
Borbás E,
Menzel WP, Li J, Woolf HM (2003)
Combining radio occultation refractivities and IR/MW radiances to derive
temperature and moisture profiles: A simulation study plus early results using
CHAMP and ATOVS. J. Geophys. Res.
108(D21): ACL9/1-15
Borkowski A,
Bosy J, Kontny B (2003) Time series
analysis of EPN stations as a criterion of choice of reference stations for
local geodynamic networks. Artificial
Satellites 38(1): 15-27
Borre K (2003) The GPS Easy Suit-Matlab code for the GPS
newcomer. GPS Solutions 7(1): 47-51
Bos AG,
Spakman W, Nyst MCJ (2003) Surface
deformation and tectonic setting of
Bosy J,
Figurski M, Wielgosz P (2003) A
strategy for GPS data processing in a precise local network during high solar
activity. GPS Solutions 7(2): 120-129
Bosy J (see
Borkowski A)
Boucher BA (see
Oderwald RG)
Boukerche A,
Vaidya S (2003) A performance
evaluation of a dynamic source routing discovery optimization protocol using
GPS systems. Telecomm. Syst.
22(1-4): 337-354
Bouron P (see Bonnifait
P)
Boyce Jr COL (see Gebre-Egziabher D)
Braasch MS (see Kelly
JM)
Brady L (see
Seibert JE)
Braginets
VF, Zabokritskii AV, Zotov SM, Pasynkov VV, Chaplinskii VS (2003) A difference method for processing
measurements of navigational equipment of an orbital user of the GPS/GLONASS
satellite navigation systems. J. Computer
and Syst. Sci. Int. 42(6): 988-996
Braun A (see Schöne
T)
Braun J,
Rocken C, Liljegren J (2003)
Comparisons of line-of-sight water vapor observations using the global
positioning system and a pointing microwave radiometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 20(5): 606-612
Bröderbauer V, Weber R (2003) Results of modelling GPS satellite clocks. Osterr. Z. Vermess. Geoinf. 91(1): 38-47
Brondeel M,
Willems T (2003) Atmospheric pressure
loading in GPS height estimates. Adv.
Space Res. 31(8): 1959-1964
Brunner F (see
Gassner G; Lienhart W)
Budisa M,
Planinsic G (2003) Teaching motion
with the Global Positioning System. Physics
Education 38(6): 512-518
Burbey
TJ (2003) Use of time-subsidence data
during pumping to characterize specific storage and hydraulic conductivity of
semi-confining units. J.Hydrology 281(1): 3-22
Bürgmann R (see
Hreinsdóttir S)
Businger S (see Foster
J)
Busse
FD, How JP, Simpson J (2003)
Demonstration of adaptive extended Kalman filter for low-earth-orbit formation
estimation using CDGPS. Navigation 50(2): 79-93
Cabrera MA (see Ezquer
RG; Ezquer RG)
Çakmak R (see Dogan U)
Callas R (see Di
Orio AP)
Calmant S et
al. (2003) New
insights on the tectonics along the
Camargo PDO (see da
Silva JFC)
Cander LR (see
Lilensten J)
Cannon ME (see Fortes
LP)
Caporali A (2003) Average strain rate in the Italian crust
inferred from a permanent GPS network - I. Statistical analysis of the
time-series of permanent GPS stations. Geophys. J. Int.
155(1): 241-253
Caporali A,
Artin S, Massironi M (2003) Average
strain rate in the Italian crust inferred from a permanent GPS network - II.
Strain rate versus seismicity and structural geology. Geophys. J. Int. 155(1): 254-268
Cardellach E
et al. (2004) Mediterranean balloon
experiment: ocean wind speed sensing from the stratosphere using GPS
reflections. Remote Sensing of
Environment 88(3): 351-362
Cárdenas-Durillo C (see Núñez-García del Pozo A)
Cargnelutti
B (see Adrados C)
Cariou C,
Thuilot B, Martinet P, Berducat M
(2003) Guidage automatique d'un engine agricole par GPS cinématique. J. Eur. Syst. Autom. 37(3): 405-433
Carroll JV (2003) Vulnerability assessment of the
Catalao J (see Navarro
A)
Cathalo J,
Koeune F, Quisquater JJ (2003) A new type of timing attack: Application to GPS. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 2779: 291-303
Cecelja F (see
Jirawimut R)
Cervell P (see
Battaglia M)
Chadwell CD (2003) Shipboard towers for Global Positioning System
antennas. Ocean Engineering 30(12):
1467-1487
Chang CP et
al. (2003) Strain and stress field in
Chang X-W,
Paige CC (2003) An
orthogonal transformation algorithm for GPS positioning.
Chang X-W,
Paige CC (2003) An
algorithm for combined code and carrier phase based GPS positioning. BIT 43(5): 915-927
Chang Y-M (see Chen
C-S)
Chaplinskii
VS (see Braginets VF)
Chartier VL (2003) Discussion of "Evaluation of the potential for power line
carrier (PLC) to interfere with use of the nationwide differential GPS network". IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery 18(2): 649-650
Chartier VL (2003) Discussion of "Use of global positioning system (GPS)
receivers under power line conductors". IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery 18(2): 651-651
Chatre E (see Swann J)
Chaves JC (see Perez JAS)
Chen C-S,
Kuo L-C, Chang Y-M (2003) Strategies
to mitigate the tropospheric error in GPS height. Geomatics Research
Chen H-Y (see Hsu
YJ; Yu S-B)
Chen R,
Toran-Marti F, Ventura-Traveset J (2003)
Access to the EGNOS signal in space over mobile-IP. GPS Solutions 7(1): 16-22
Chen W (see Hu C)
Chen Y (see Hu C)
Chen YL (see Foster
J)
Chen YQ (see Wu JC)
Chery J (see
Chiang K-W,
Noureldin A, El-Sheimy N (2003)
Multisensor integration using neuron computing for land-vehicle navigation. GPS Solutions 6(4): 209-218
Chiaradia
APM, Kuga HK, Prado AFBA (2003) Single frequency GPS measurements in real-time
artificial satellite orbit determination. Acta
Astronautica 53(2): 123-133
Chrzanowski
A (see Kim D)
Church J (see Watson
C)
Cilliers PJ,
Gouws D, Opperman B, Wonnacott RT, Combrinck L (2003) The South African network of dual frequency
global positioning system satellite receiver base stations: A national asset
with many applications and research opportunities. South African J. Sci. 99(1-2): 51-55
Clemet CO (see Smith SD)
Coe JA et
al. (2003) Seasonal movement of the
Slumgullion landslide determined from Global Positioning System surveys and
field instrumentation.
Coleman R (see Watson
C)
Colmenares
L, Zoback MD (2003) Stress field and
seismotectonics of northern
Combrinck L (see
Cilliers PJ)
Contla PA,
Stojmenovie M (2003) Estimating hop
counts in position based routing schemes for ad hoc networks. Telecomm. Syst. 22(1-4):
109-118
Cooper J (see
Underhill LC)
Corpuz E (see Bartel
BA)
Corradini S (see
Santangelo R)
Cory MJ,
Greenway IC, Hill CJ (2003) GPS compatible
positioning in
Coster A,
Foster J, Erickson P (2003) Space
Weather: Monitoring the ionosphere with GPS. GPS World 14(5): 42, 44-46, 48-49
Cross P (see Li Z;
Ziebart M)
Crubille P (see
Bonnifait P)
Cunningham V (see de
Vries JJ)
Dai L, Rizos
C, Han S (2003) An
adaptive procedure for carrier phase-based GPS/GLONASS positioning. Geomatics
Research
Dai L, Han S, Wang J, Rizos C (2003) Comparison of interpolation algorithms in network-based GPS
techniques. Navigation 50(4): 277-293
Danaher JE (see Straus
PR)
da Silva JFC,
Camargo PDO, Gallis RBA (2003)
Development of a low-cost mobile mapping system: A South American experience. The Photogrammetric Record 18(101): 5-26
Defraigne P,
Petit G (2003) Time transfer to TAI
using geodetic receivers. Metrologia
40(4): 184-188
de
Franceschi N, Rampanelli G, Sguerso D, Zardi D, Zatelli P (2003) Development of a measurement platform on a
light airplane and analysis of airborne measurements in the atmospheric
boundary layer. Ann. Geophys. 46(2):
269-283
de Jong CD (see Xianglin L)
Delay SH (see Doherty PH)
de Maagt P, Gonzalo
R, Vardaxoglou YC, Baracco JM (2003)
Electromagnetic bandgap antennas and components for microwave and
(sub)millimeter wave application. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 51(10): 2667-2677
DeMets C (see Calais
E; Márquez-Azúa B)
Demirel H (see Dogan U)
Demyanov VV (see Afraimovich
EL)
Deng Y (see Hu W)
Denisenko
OV, Donchenko SI, Eremin EV (2003)
Set of standards and measuring instruments for testing the equipment of users
of the GLONASS and GPS satellite-based navigation system. Measurement Techniques 46(2): 143-151
Deniz R (see Denli
HH)
Denli HH,
Deniz R (2003) Global congruency test
methods for GPS networks. J. Surv. Engin. ASCE 129(3): 95-98
D'Eon RG (2003) Effects of a
stationary GPS fix-rate bias on habitat selection analyses. J. Wildlife Management 67(4): 858-863
de Paula ER et
al. (2003) Equatorial anomaly effects
on GPS scintillations in
Devereux WS et al. (2003) TIMED GPS Navigation System (GNS): Design,
implementation, and performance assessment. Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Digest 24(2): 179-193
de Vries JJ,
Waldron J, Cunningham V (2003) Field
tests of the new datawell DWR-G GPS wave buoy. Sea Technology 44(12): 50-55
DiBenedetto
MF (see Kelly JM)
Dick WR (see Richter B)
Dietrch R (see Wolf
M)
Dietrich R (see Wiehl
M)
Dillon J (see Leach
BW)
Di Massa G (see Boccia
L)
Di Orio AP,
Callas R, Schaefer RJ (2003) Performance of two GPS telemetry collars under
different habitat conditions. Wildlife Soc. Bull. 31(2): 372-379
Dixon CS (2003) GNSS local component integrity concepts. J. GPS 2(2): 126-134
Dogan U, Ergintav S, Demirel H, Çakmak,
Özener H (2003) Estimation of the
time-dependent crustal movements of the ¤zmit
earthquake. J. Geodynamics 36(5):
615-632
Dogan U, Lachapelle G, Fortes L, Ergintav S (2003) A study of the tectonically active Marmara
region,
Doherty PH, Delay SH, Valladares CE, Klobuchar JA (2003) Ionospheric scintillation effects on GPS in
the equatorial and auroral regions. Navigation 50(4): 235-245
Donchenko SI (see
Denisenko OV)
Doorgapershad A et al. (2003) Procedures used to produce a digitized geological mapping database of
the area around the Venetia Kimberlite pipes, Limpopo Belt, South Africa. S. Afr. J. Geol. 106(2-3): 103-108
Dovis F (see
Avagnina D)
Dow J (see Romero
I)
Ducic V,
Artru J, Lognonne P (2003)
Ionospheric remote sensing of the Denali Earthquake Rayleigh surface waves. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(18): SDE8/1-4
Ebinuma
T, Bishop RH, Lightsey EG (2003)
Integrated hardware investigations of precision spacecraft rendezvous using the
global positioning system. J. Guidance Control and Dynamics 26(3): 425-433
Edelkamp S,
Schrodl S (2003) Route planning and
map inference with global positioning traces. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 2598: 128-151
Eiken T (see
Berthling I)
Elfouhail T (see
Zuffada C)
Elgethun K,
Fenske R, Yost MG, Palcisko GJ (2003)
Time-location analysis for exposure assessment studies of children using a
novel global positioning system instrument. Environ.
Health Perspect. 111(1): 115-122
El-Kader FA,
El-Soud MSA, El-Serafy K, Hassan EA
(2003) An integrated navigation system for Suez Canal
(SCINS). J. Navig. 56(2): 241-255
El-Rabbany A, Kleusberg A (2003) Effect of temporal physical correlation on accuracy estimation in GPS relative positioning. J. Surv. Eng., ASCE 129(1): 28-32
El-Sheimy N,
Osman A, Nassar S, Noureldin A (2003)
A new way to integrate GPS and INS. Wavelet multiresolution analysis. GPS World 14(10): 42-49
El-Sheimy N (see Chiang
K-W)
El-Serafy K (see
El-Kader FA)
El-Soud MSA (see
El-Kader FA)
Emardson TR,
Simons M, Webb FH (2003) Neutral
atmospheric delay in interferometric sysnthetic aperture radar applications:
Statistical description and mitigation. J.
Geophys. Res. 108(B5): ETG4/1-8
Enderle W (2003) Galileo: Impact on spacecraft navigation systems. J. GPS 2(2): 135-138
Enge P (see Gebre-Egziabher D)
Ephishov II (see Baran
LW)
Eremin EV (see
Denisenko OV)
Ergintav S (see Dogan U; Dogan U)
Erikson CR (see
Merrill SB)
Erickson P (see Coster
A)
Erol CB (see
Arikan F)
Essex EA (see
Horvath I; Horvath I)
Etzehmuller B(see Berthling I)
Ezquer RG,
Mosert M, Radicella SM, Cabrera MA
(2003) IRI related studies in
Ezquer RG,
Kintner PM, Cabrera MA, Radicella SM, Forte B (2003) Scintillations
observed at
Fabian M (see Kumpel
HJ)
Fan JX, Ma
J, Gan WJ (2003) Movement of Ordos
block and alternation of activity along its boundaries. Sci
Fang P (see Feng
Y)
Fante RL,
Vaccaro JJ (2003) Evaluation and
reduction of multipath-induced bias on GPS time-of-arrival. IEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic
Systems 39(3): 911-920
Farrel JA,
Tan HS, Yang YC (2003) Carrier phase
GPS-aided INS-based vehicle lateral control. J. Dynamic Syst. Measu. & Control 125(3): 339-353
Farrel JA (see Yang
YC; Yang YC)
Fashir H (see Kadir
M)
Fay L (see Aloi
DN)
Fazlagic S (see
Balestri L)
Feigl KL (see
Pederson R)
Feltens J (2003) The activities of the
Ionosphere Working Group of the International GPS Service. GPS Solutions 7(1): 41-46
Feltens J (2003) The International GPS Service (IGS)
ionospheric working group. Adv. Space Res.
31(3): 635-644
Feng Y, Bai
Z, Fang P, Williams A (2003) GPS
water vapour experimental results from observations of the Australian Regional
GPS network. Geomatics Res. Australasia
79: 21-41
Feng Y (2003) Combined Galileo and GPS: A technical perspective. J. GPS 2(1): 67-76
Feng Y (see Bai Z)
Fenske R (see
Elgethun K)
Fernandes
RMS et al. (2003) The
relative motion between
Fernandes RM (see
Navarro A)
Fernández J
et al. (2003) New
geodetic monitoring system in the volcanic
Figurski M (see Bosy J)
Flerit F,
Armijo R, King GCP, Meyer B, Barka A
(2003) Slip partitioning in the Sea of Marmara pull-apart determined from GPS
velocity vectors. Geophys. J. Int. 154(1): 1-7
Fletcher HJ